Vivekananda spoke passionately about India’s immense spiritual heritage, and also, at the same time, criticised the degeneration of India’s status, due to the caste system, lack of education, subjugation of women and old failed traditions. Swami Vivekananda Free Will Behind Something May He who is the Brahman of the Hindus, the Ahura-Mazda of the Zoroastrians, the Buddha of the Buddhists, the Jehovah of the Jews, the Father in Heaven of the Christians give strength to you to carry out your noble idea. In 1884, Narendra’s father died, leaving the family bankrupt. In America he became India's spiritual ambassador and pleaded eloquently for better understanding between India and the New World in order to create a healthy synthesis of East and West, of religion and science. [205] In this essay his refrain to the readers was to honour and treat every Indian as a brother irrespective of whether he was born poor or in lower caste. He began accepting disciples, and in 1893, accepted an invitation to speak at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago. Nice post. "[97], The Parliament of the World's Religions opened on 11 September 1893 at the Art Institute of Chicago, as part of the World's Columbian Exposition. [128] During his stay in America, Vivekananda was given land in the mountains to the southeast of San Jose, California to establish a retreat for Vedanta students. He exhorted his fellow sannyasins to throw themselves into social service, helping the poorest to gain an education. The Ramakrishna Mission undertook various forms of social service like establishing and running school, collages and hospitals, propagation of practical tenets of Vedanta through conference, seminars and workshops, initiating relief and rehabilitation work across the country. Later Indian leaders, like Netaji, Gandhi, Pal and Tilak would all pay tribute to the inspiration of Vivekananda. Yet he could not completely ignore the existence of a Supreme Being. But, helped by Professor John Wright of Harvard University and others, Vivekananda arrived in Chicago as a representative of the Hindu religion. [108][144], Vivekananda earlier inspired Jamsetji Tata to set up a research and educational institution when they travelled together from Yokohama to Chicago on Vivekananda's first visit to the West in 1893. [139] He was later followed to India by Sister Nivedita, who devoted the rest of her life to the education of Indian women and India's independence. His father was a successful attorney. In 1893 he appeared in Chicago as a spokesman for Hinduism at the World’s Parliament of Religions and so captivated the assembly that a newspaper account described him as “an orator by divine right and undoubtedly the greatest figure at the Parliament.” Thereafter he lectured throughout the United States and England, making converts to the Vedanta movement. Swami Vivekananda was a great social reformer and a very inspiring personality of India. [58] According to Paranjape, at this meeting Ramakrishna asked young Narendra to sing. His mother said, "I prayed to Shiva for a son and he has sent me one of his demons".

[31][32] He became fascinated with the evolutionism of Herbert Spencer and corresponded with him,[33][34] translating Herbert Herbert Spencer's book Education (1861) into Bengali. - IMDb Mini Biography By: This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vivekananda, Indianetzone - Biography of Swami Vivekananda, Cultural India - Reformers - Biography of Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center of New York - Biography of Swami Vivekananda, ILoveIndia.com - Biography of Swami Vivekananda. “I will drink the ocean”, says the persevering soul; “at my will mountains will crumble up”. His father was a successful attorney. He asked Ramakrishna to pray to the Goddess for the financial welfare of his family. I have travelled far and wide but I have never come across a lad of his talents and possibilities, even in German universities, among philosophical students. His vast knowledge of Eastern and Western culture as well as his deep spiritual insight, fervid eloquence, brilliant conversation, broad human sympathy, colourful personality, and handsome figure made an irresistible appeal to the many types of Americans who came in contact with him. Two journals were founded: Prabuddha Bharata in English and Udbhodan in Bengali. The more Narendranath visited Dakshineshwar, the more his questions were answered. Many political leaders of India have publicly acknowledged their indebtedness to Swami Vivekananda.

“Many times I have been in the jaws of death, starving, footsore, and weary; for days and days I had no food, and often could walk no further; I would sink down under a tree, and life would seem to be ebbing away. [63] He even rejected the Advaita Vedanta of "identity with the absolute" as blasphemy and madness, and often ridiculed the idea. He taught Shukla-Yajur-Veda, Sanskrit grammar and the philosophy of yoga to pupils,[158][159] later discussing with colleagues a planned Vedic college in the Ramakrishna Math. Common people and rajas gave him an enthusiastic reception. Spiritual Crisis and Relationship with Ramkrishna Paramhansa.

[202], According to Banhatti, "[a] singer, a painter, a wonderful master of language and a poet, Vivekananda was a complete artist",[203] composing many songs and poems, including his favourite,[citation needed] "Kali the Mother".

On September 11th, 1893, Vivekananda gave a short speech on the opening day of the conference. [132], From the West, Vivekananda revived his work in India. [196] Year-long events and programs were organised by branches of the Ramakrishna Math, the Ramakrishna Mission, the central and state governments in India, educational institutions and youth groups. [72][73], After Ramakrishna's death, his devotees and admirers stopped supporting his disciples.

This dynamism was a new strand to Indian spirituality – and a break from the older tradition of retreating from the world. In another incident with Dr. Paul Deussen's at Kiel in Germany, Vivekananda was going over some poetical work and did not reply when the professor spoke to him. [54][55][56], They probably first met personally in November 1881,[note 1] though Narendra did not consider this their first meeting, and neither man mentioned this meeting later. [116] By spring 1895 his busy, tiring schedule had affected his health. Swami Vivekananda (Bengali: [ʃami bibekanɔndo] (listen); 12 January 1863 – 4 July 1902), born Narendranath Datta (Bengali: [nɔrendronatʰ dɔto]), was an Indian Hindu monk. Vivekananda was called by the name Narendranath Datta..

[35] While studying Western philosophers, he also learned Sanskrit scriptures and Bengali literature. Diamond Pocket Books. For this very reason, his birthday, January 12, is celebrated as the National Youth Day in India. The Boston Evening Transcript reported that Vivekananda was "a great favourite at the parliament... if he merely crosses the platform, he is applauded".

[141], On 1 May 1897 in Calcutta, Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission for social service. In 1888, he left the monastery to become a wandering sannyasin, visiting various holy places around India.

Narendra was trained in Indian classical music,[27] and regularly participated in physical exercise, sports and organised activities. He consolidated the work of the math and trained disciples for several months.

[122] In 1896, his book Raja Yoga was published, becoming an instant success; it was highly influential in the western understanding of yoga, in Elizabeth de Michelis's view marking the beginning of modern yoga. During his train travels, people often sat on the rails to force the train to stop so they could hear him. [86], Vivekananda started his journey to the West on 31 May 1893[87] and visited several cities in Japan (including Nagasaki, Kobe, Yokohama, Osaka, Kyoto and Tokyo),[88] China and Canada en route to the United States,[87] reaching Chicago on 30 July 1893,[89][87] where the "Parliament of Religions" took place in September 1893. His Bengali writings testify to his belief that words (spoken or written) should clarify ideas, rather than demonstrating the speaker (or writer's) knowledge. [76] Narendra later reminisced about the early days of the monastery:[77].

A dominant theme of Vivekananda’s speeches was the universality and harmony of the world religions. The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in India officially observed 2013 as the occasion in a declaration. "[188], Jamsetji Tata was inspired by Vivekananda to establish the Indian Institute of Science, one of India's best-known research universities. During the course of his wanderings, he came to know about the World Parliament of Religions being held in Chicago, America in 1893. Sri Aurobindo regarded Vivekananda as the one who awakened India spiritually. Also, let them have oral lessons on geography and such other subjects. He excelled in his studies as well, first at the Metropolitan institution, and later at the Presidency College in Calcutta. Although Narendranath’s mother was a devout woman and he had grown up in a religious atmosphere at home, he underwent a deep spiritual crisis at the start of his youth. [94], Vivekananda wanted to join, but was disappointed to learn that no one without credentials from a bona fide organisation would be accepted as a delegate.

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