Pope Benedict XIII. He had taken part in five conclaves for the election of popes before the conclave that chose him on May 29. Papal relations with the Bourbon monarchies of France and Spain, made difficult by the belief in absolutism that prevailed among European kings in the 18th century, were allowed to deteriorate. Cardinal Orsini had already taken part in four conclaves, when Innocent XIII died in March, 1724; and in all he had acted in the spirit of the zelanti . His body was later moved to Illueca; but during the War of the Spanish Succession his remains were destroyed. Born 2 February, 1649; died 23 February, 1730.

Benedict's rationale for continuing the rivalry lay in the fact that he was the last living cardinal created by Gregory XI, the last undoubted pope. Charles helped to organise the Council of Pisa in 1409. He belonged to the de Luna family, who were part of the Aragonese nobility. From early youth he exhibited a decided liking for the Order of St. Dominic, and at the age of sixteen during a visit to Venice he entered the Dominican novitiate against the will of his parents, though he was the eldest son and heir to the title and estates of his childless uncle the Duke of Bracciano. Omissions?

The only reproach made against his administration is that his simplicity and child-like confidence exposed him to the wiles of some unscrupulous persons who abused his confidence. Pope Benedict XIII was a man more concerned with good works and spirituality than politics and statesmanship. During the Jubilee of 1725, he discharged personally the duties of Grand Penitentiary, and is said to have seriously considered the revival of public penances for certain grave offenses. …1408–18, Scotland recognized the antipope Benedict XIII after he had been abandoned by France, it became expedient for Scotland to have its own university. Pope Benedict XIII was born on February 02, 1649 in Gravina in Puglia, Italian, is Servant of God. He provided for the needs of the people, repaired churches and held a diocesan synod, the decrees of which he published. When in 1429 an agreement between Rome and Aragon was reached, Clement VIII abdicated in favor of recognizing Pope Martin V, terminating the remains of the Avignon Papacy.

As cardinal he adhered obeying the command of the general of his order, he allowed himself to be proclaimed pope. Before the novena was finished he saw with terror that he himself would be chosen, and, reluctant to accept a position which filled him with dread, he sought by all means in his power to prevent his election. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Indira Gandhi was prime minister of Nepal. Towards John V, King of Portugal, the pope exhibited extraordinary firmness in refusing a claim based on the privilege held by other courts to propose candidates for the cardinalate.

He continued the opposition of the papacy to Jansenism, a Roman Catholic movement of unorthodox tendencies that had begun in 17th-century France, although he allowed the Dominicans to preach the Augustinian doctrine of grace, which bordered on the Jansenist teaching. He sought shelter in the territory of Louis II of Anjou. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In order to encourage the foundation of diocesan seminaries, he organized a special commission ( Congregatio Seminariorum ). Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor (25 November 1328 – 23 May 1423), known as el Papa Luna in Spanish and Pope Luna in English, was an Aragonese nobleman, who as Benedict XIII, is considered an antipope (see Western Schism) by the Catholic Church. It was re-opened and closed twice again. When an autopsy was performed upon his corpse, it was discovered that he had lived his entire life with an over-sized heart-this may have been a factor in his declining health. Three of these cardinals met on 10 June 1423 and elected Sanchez Muñoz as their new pope, with Muñoz assuming the papal name of Clement VIII, whose claim was still recognized by Aragon. Benedict (XIII), original name Pedro de Luna, (born c. 1328, Illueca, Kingdom of Aragon—died 1423, Peñíscola, in Valencia), antipope from 1394 to 1417. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. This was in consequence of the protests made by the cardinals against the election of Vincenzo Biechi, Nuncio to Lisbon. This was in consequence of the protests made by the cardinals against the elevation of Vincenzo Biechi, Nuncio to Lisbon.

As such he stayed principally in Paris, but he did not confine his activities to those countries that belonged to the Avignon obedience.

We're not salespeople, but we depend on donations averaging $14.76 and fewer than 1% of readers give. He succeeded Pope Innocent XIII (1721–1724).. Pluja seca by Jaume Cabré (2001) is a play based on his death and succession. [7] Synagogues were closed, Jewish goldsmiths were forbidden to produce Christian sacred objects such as chalices and crucifixes[8] and Jewish book binders were forbidden to bind books which included the names of Jesus or Mary. The Catholic Encyclopedia, https://www.lasprovincias.es/comunitat/rehabilitacion-papa-luna-20190211232314-ntvo.html, https://cruxnow.com/news-analysis/2019/02/12/push-to-rehabilitate-past-pope-illustrates-great-truth-about-the-present/, International Alliance of Catholic Knights, Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution, Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart, Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII, Pope Pius XII Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antipope_Benedict_XIII&oldid=982699967, 14th-century people from the Kingdom of Aragon, 15th-century people from the Kingdom of Aragon, Short description is different from Wikidata, Birth-date transclusions with invalid parameters, Death-date and age transclusions with invalid parameters, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2018, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from The American Cyclopaedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from The American Cyclopaedia with a Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Castillo Palacio del Papa Luna, Illueca (skull), This page was last edited on 9 October 2020, at 19:40. So with tears, and obeying the command of the general of his order, he allowed himself to be proclaimed pope.

Vatican City, ecclesiastical state, seat of the Roman Catholic Church, and an enclave in Rome, situated on the west bank of the Tiber River. At the start of his term of office, de Luna was recognised as pope by France, Scotland, Sicily, Castile, Aragon and Navarre. The fourth cardinal, Jean Carrier, the archdeacon of Rodez near Toulouse, was absent at this conclave and disputed its validity, whereupon Carrier, acting as a sort of one man College of Cardinals, proceeded to elect Bernard Garnier, the sacristan of Rodez, as pope. As cardinal he adhered strictly to the observance of the rule of his order, and never laid aside his habit. Garnier took the name Benedict XIV,[11] but he would never get any importance. Heirs to the Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession. In honour of Benedict XI, a member of the Dominican Order, he took the name of Benedict XIV, which he shortly changed to Benedict XIII as Peter de Luna who had previously borne the name (1394-1423) was a schismatic. His love of peace led him to attempt a settlement of the dispute in regard to the ecclesiastical privileges of the Kings of Naples (Monarchia Sicula) by a revocation of the constitution of Clement XI (1715) and by granting to the King of Naples (and Sicily) and his successors the right to appoint a spiritual judge in ecclesiastical affairs, reserving, however, the most important cases to the Holy See. The ailment was so severe that he was unable to properly breathe. Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor (25 November 1328 – 23 May 1423), known as el Papa Luna in Spanish and Pope Luna in English, was an Aragonese nobleman, who as Benedict XIII, is considered an antipope (see Western Schism) by the Catholic Church. But Benedict, who had maintained his claims against three Roman popes (Boniface IX, Innocent VII, and Gregory XII) and two antipopes whose claims derived from the Council of Pisa (Alexander V and John XXIII), refused to yield to Pope Martin V, who was elected in November 1417 to achieve unity. Each year he made an episcopal visitation to every parish. Benedict, who had lived in Perpignan from 1408 to 1417, now fled to the Peniscola Castle, near Tortosa, in the Kingdom of Aragon. The cardinals then elected Luna as the new pope, on the condition that he should labor to quell the schism, and should resign the papal dignity whenever the pope of Rome should do the same, or the college of cardinals demand it. Allen, John L. Jr. "Push to rehabilitate past pope illustrates great truth about the present", Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Kirsch, Johann Peter. Only his skull was saved, and it rests in Condes de Argillo Palace in Morata de Jalón, Aragon, Spain. Copyright 2020 Catholic Online.

The narrative has two timelines: the time of Benedict XIII, the last antipope of the Avignon Papacy, and contemporary times, when the Catholic Church tries to discover Benedict's successor, as it turns out that his line of papacy has continued in secret throughout the centuries.

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In return, he was appointed as bishop of Majorca. Saint of the Day for Thursday, Oct 22nd, 2020. As the only unquestioned cardinal, Benedict argued, he was, by right and by canon law, the only qualified candidate left who could validly claim the papacy. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. Eighteen of his 23 cardinals deserted him, and the papal palace in Avignon was besieged by the French (1398). His first concern as pope was to enforce rigidly ecclesiastical discipline. A scholar, Benedict wrote many theological works. [9] Those laws were repealed by Pope Martin V, after he received a mission of Jews, sent by the famous synod convoked by the Jews in Forlì, in 1418. On the death of Urban VI in 1389 the Roman College of Cardinals had chosen Boniface IX; the election of Benedict therefore perpetuated the Western Schism. He was born on February 2nd, 1649 within the Kingdom of Naples. In 1396 Benedict sent Sanchez Muñoz, one of the most loyal members of the Avignon curia, as an envoy to the Bishop of Valencia to bolster support for the Avignon papacy in the Crown of Aragon.

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