The young 5th Dalai Lama's family were ordered by Karma Phuntsok Namgyal to live at court in Samdruptse, but his mother, Kunga Lhanzi,[4] fearing retribution from the king, returned with her son to her family's home, Narkatse castle, in Yardrog. [34], Sonam Choephel, the regent during the 5th Dalai Lama Lobsang Gyatso's youth, requested the aid of Güshi Khan, a powerful Dzungar military leader in carrying out a military strategy in the Dalai Lama's name, though apparently with neither Lobsang Gyatso's prior knowledge nor consent. From the time of the 5th the two offices were known as Yab Sey Gonpo or "Father/Son Protectors" characterising their spiritual provenance as emanations of Amitābha and Avalokitesvara as well as their interchangeable guru/disciple relationship. In 1674 he met with the 10th Karmapa, Chöying Dorje (1604–1674) at the Potala, and the reconciliation was welcomed by all after the many conflicts and difficulties. Tagten Tulku, a.k.a. and the Dalai Lama left Tibet in 1959. ", Anderson, Gerald H (Editor). The status of (Dolgyal) Shugden was reconfirmed by the Thirteenth Dalai Lama in his letter to Phabongkhapa Dechen Nyingpo (Phabongka Rinpoche), where he identified (Dolgyal) Shugden as "...wrathful worldly spirit....contradicts the precepts of taking refuge". Enclose your search term in quotes to yield results based on an exact phrase. The child born to the famous Zahor family seemed the most convincing candidate. Certain it is that Tibetans would not be happy if they were governed as people are in England; and it is probable that they are on the whole happier than are people in Europe or America under their own governments. Since the seal was given to the Dalai Lama with no particular form of protocol, he attached little importance to it. His father, Dudul Rabten, was arrested in 1618 for being involved in a plot against the royal government of the king of Tsang at almost the same time the Gelug had secretly chosen his son as the reincarnation of Yonten Gyatso, the 4th Dalai Lama. He also promulgates Buddhism, world In 1657 the Dalai Lama received a letter from the Shunzhi emperor regarding a request by the remnant of the Pagmogru family to renew their Ming-era title. Gushri Khan left ten sons to follow him. Treasury of Lives, Tibetan lineages website. [84] Soon after the prayer, the dispute was peacefully resolved and the two rebels abandoned the castle and fled to Dam to the north of Lhasa; they ended up under house arrest guarantee care of Taglung Monastery. The term chöyön was often used to designate, in particular, the relationship between a Tibetan lama and the leader of a foreign country, such as that between Phagpa Lodrö Gyeltsen (1235–1280), the head of the Sakya school, and Khubilai Khan, the Mongol emperor, in the 13th century. For my part, I am determined not to remain under the king’s rule.³. The danger of conflicts breaking out was ever present, and the Dalai Lama not only had to ensure the survival of his own government but also act as a mediator between the various rising political powers that were always threatening to disrupt the established order. Meanwhile, the general administration in Tibet is more orderly than the administration in China; the Tibetan standard of living is higher than the standard in China or India; and the status of women in Tibet is higher than their status in either of those two large countries.”. Three separate expeditions known from European sources to have visited Tibet did so during the 5th Dalai Lama's lifetime; and he met with members of the third of these. ** The new government’s attitude, however, was in fact determined by political rather than religious considerations.

His father, Dudul Rabten, was arrested in 1618 for being involved in a plot against the royal government of the king of Tsang at almost the same time the Gelug had secretly chosen his son as the reincarnation of Yonten Gyatso, the 4th Dalai Lama. Following territorial skirmishes, in 1647 the Desi decided to launch a military campaign against Bhutan; however, this ended in a humiliating defeat for the Gelukpa and their Mongol allies. Fifth Dalai Lama Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso was the first Dalai Lama to accept an invitation from an emperor of China to visit the Chinese capital city of Beijing. His autobiography is characterized by his spontaneity, his sarcasm and his humorous remarks concerning his own status as a reincarnation and the fundamentalist attitude of his own school, the Gelukpa. [24] In time, Lobsang Gyatso gained a considerable reputation as a practitioner of Dzogchen[25] – the Nyingma tradition's "Great Perfection" teachings on the nature of the mind, roughly analogous to the Kagyu tradition's teachings on Mahamudra. Later he was promoted to Directeur de Recherche. Fighting continued intermittently until 1621 and led to the establishment in the region of a great number of Mongols determined to protect Gelukpa interests. Today [in 1674], having completed the Oral teachings of the Knowledge-holders, I will probably have to withdraw from the Nyingma ranks as well!" Concerning two of his treatises, he writes: “When I finished the Jampel Zhelung, I had to leave the ranks of the Gelukpa. His strict monastic discipline concealed yet another facet of his spiritual life: his great interest for tantric, more or less magical rituals, and, above all, his inclination for mystic meditation, which provided him with a series of visionary experiences throughout his life. The Third Dalai Lama, Sonam Gyatso (1543–1588)
He was also a prolific author, writing both histories and religious commentaries, which are collected in more than thirty large volumes.The circumstances of the Fifth Dalai Lama's death are famously confused. Gyatso is credited with unifying all Tibet after a protracted era of civil wars. “The 5th Dalai Lama, known to Tibetan history simply as the ‘Great Fifth,’ is renowned as the leader under whom Tibet was unified in 1642 in the wake of bitter civil war. His prestige as a warrior was now unequalled as much among Tibetans as among Mongols. Second, the Dalai Lama is not the ‘head of Tibetan Buddhism’, let alone of Buddhism as a whole. 443–444. [60], There are some fairly subtle philosophical differences between the Jonang and Gelug schools' respective zhentong and rangtong views on voidness.

Buddha's Not Smiling, on page 52) compound the error further by confusing this small, non-violent rebellion of 1659/60 with the hard-fought Tibetan civil war of 1639-1642, saying the (mis)quotation refers to the Dalai Lama's instruction "in 1660" to send Gushri Khan and his Mongol Army to put down this rebellion in Tsang, which was "still the stronghold of the Karma Kagyu". [13], The Fifth Dalai Lama began construction of the Potala Palace in 1645[38] after one of his spiritual advisors, Konchog Chophel (d. 1646), pointed out that the site would be an ideal seat of government, situated as it is between Drepung and Sera monasteries, and overlooking Songtsen Gampo's old capital city of Lhasa. As an independent head of state, he established diplomatic relations with China and other regional countries and also met early European explorers. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. This situation was to have an unsettling effect on the harmony within the monastery. More importantly is the issue of how the Dalai Lama was received by the Emperor. Because of Taranata's efforts in support of Tsang before the Mongol invasion, the Dalai Lama was persuaded to suppress the Jonang tradition as retaliation.

This, however, was not to be the case, as we shall see.

Clarke, P. B., Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, (New York: Routledge, 2006), p. 136. “Westerners who study the system of reincarnating lamas are often understandably skeptical about it, but it seems clear that somehow the Tibetans who choose the Dalai Lamas have managed to find a remarkable succession of unusually gifted people. As Glenn Mullin remarks of the fourteenth Dalai Lama. The Dalai Lama stayed in Beijing for two months and was honoured with two grand imperial receptions. His accomplishments were widely recognized, and he continues to be considered a significant lineage holder by the Nyingma. Desi Sangay Gyatso also served as regent until the assumption of power by the Sixth Dalai Lama. The next day he was received by a long procession consisting of the local population headed by six hundred horsemen. This position was restated in 1987 by Tenzin Gyatso, the current, 14th Dalai Lama, who also forbade discrimination against the Bönpo However, Tibetans still differentiate between Bön and Buddhism, calling members of the Nyingma, Sakya, Kagyu and Gelug schools "nangpa " (meaning "insider"), but referring to practitioners of Bön as "bönpo". 1993. Gsang ba'i rnam thar rgya can ma: A record of the visionary experiences of the 5th Dalai Lama reproduced from rare manuscript belonging to the Stag tshang ras pa Bla brang of Hemis.

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