For her part, Wangari was of the new generation of educated and successful women in Kenya, and she and her colleagues were looking for equal pay, recognition within society and the workplace. The movement grew organically, according to the needs of rural women and Kenya citizens to have their rights heard, and is now facing a different challenge without our founder.

Wangari Muta M at no charge. She is also the first woman to receive a doctorate degree in East and Central Africa. Wangari and GBM led a series of protests, this time with a wide range of support: from the Universities, opposition MPs and others. Organisers hope that by becoming involved, these individuals will As Kenya faces the first elections in March 2013 since conflict erupted in December 2007, there is an even greater urgency to ensure representation and to hear voices of those marginalised in decision making. Dr. Maathai witnessed the struggles of rural Kenyan women with finding drinking water, food and firewood, saw the connection between deforestation, scarcity of rainfall and food insecurity and wanted to address the problem as a whole.

urban areas in search of jobs or charity. Unfortunately the environmental challenges that led GBM to start its work with rural women remain and are more critical than ever. Wangari sent letters to Embassies asking whether the US or the UK Governments would sanction such a building being built in Central Park in New York or Hyde Park in London. With Wangari Maathai as the leader of the organisation GBM started to challenge issues relating to the environment and public space: for example using of public land for private gain, land grabbing, and the rights of people to have democratic space. Self-sufficiency for communities in terms of wood fuel also reduces In The Green Belt Movement, founder Wangari Maathai tells its story: why it started, how it operates, and where it is going. Women's and miles for wood, while the daily requirements exceed the supply a woman at no charge.

The Green Belt Movement has also dealt with larger issues in the daily lives of Kenyans. meet Movement specifications. The After 2004 GBM received a great deal of international attention and a spotlight focussed on our work. an individual or group learns of the Green Belt Movement and wishes to So GBM became a central part of the social movement towards democracy in Kenya. Education serves a critical role. Working with Green Belt gives women the ability to change their an individual or group learns of the Green Belt Movement and wishes to It engages the community, especially women, in its process and, in return, compensates participants with a small monetary payment.
schools; small farmers learn to appreciate the connections between Such activities also provide the National Council of Women, Kenya, Furthermore, the Green Belt Movement launched the Community Empowerment and Education program, which helped to educate common people on the environment, natural resources and civics. Their primary purpose was to plant trees in forested areas, which were being deforested mainly for commercial purposes.

Sunita Narain | The Centre for Science and Environment, Diane Diacon | Progress of human settlements and sustainable development over the last 50 years. GBM has shared its approach with many other community-based organisations in Africa and internationally. It started out of a conversation that Wangari Maathai, then a professor at the University of Nairobi, had with rural women about what they felt were their most pressing needs. GBM’s approach has been community-led, empowering those with little or no voice to speak up, to take action and to take better control of their lives, and it has been led by an inspirational and charismatic founder. participate, the interested party must first prepare the available land to

Women did not have rights to land and were expected to ask their husbands for permission before planting on their land. most direct objective, however, involves the programme's impact on the image has been enhanced through public exposure and public awareness of Thirty years later unsustainable practices had led to the cutting down of many trees, erosion of top soil, lack of clean drinking water, and malnutrition. In 1998, Karura forest lands in Nairobi was being given to private developers, destroying one of Nairobi’s two indigenous forests. organising the planting of trees. It started out of a conversation that Wangari Maathai, then a professor at the University of Nairobi, had with rural women about what they felt were their most pressing needs. activities encompass discussions on the relationships between food, The Green Belt Movement is an environmental organization whose aim is to make the planet green again through fighting deforestation and preventing soil erosion.

can carry on her back. She was struck by the challenge rural women were facing in fulfilling their basic needs.

with an opportunity to meet community leaders and establish critical ties In 1992, just after the project was abandoned, Uhuru Park became the site of a hunger strike to secure the release of political prisoners, at which Professor Maathai was beaten unconscious by police. The Green Belt Movement aims to create an understanding of the relationship between the environment and other issues such as food production and health. of the NCWK and its Green Belt Movement. In 1989 Wangari and GBM protested about the planned construction of a 60-storey skyscraper in Uhuru Park, Nairobi’s main public park.

The

GBM’s tree planting projects started to pilot new ways of tackling climate change through mitigation, adaptation and addressing the development issues that rural women and their families continue to face: conserving forests while creating sustainable livelihoods for rural people. Today the Green Belt Movement works with a volunteer grassroots network of over 4,000 community groups that has planted more than 50 million trees across Kenya.

Involving the whole population, from children to the disabled to
While this wave of interest in GBM grew, externally the impact of climate change became much better understood and accepted. to: DEVELOPMENT or the physically disabled population and young people who leave school Children gain exposure through Green Belt projects at their schools; small farmers learn to appreciate the connections between forestry, soil conservation and their own needs for wood. An seedlings. An In 1992 Wangari and GBM were targeted by the Government in their attempts to shut down and reduce the message for pro-democratic reforms. It has now become an international platform for women’s empowerment through the conservation of natural resources.

She taught them how to grow seedlings to provide food, firewood, and to bind the soil.

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