März 1815 in Meersburg) war zunächst Arzt in Wien, führte dann „magnetische“ Kuren durch und begründete den Animalischen Magnetismus, auch Mesmerismus genannt. There he would reunite with Mozart who often visited him. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Whatever benefit the treatment produced was attributed to "imagination." According to Mesmer, “animal magnetism” could be activated by any magnetized object and manipulated by any trained person. (See hypnosis.) Once he grew up, he studied law, philosophy and theology. She reported feeling streams of a mysterious fluid running through her body and was relieved of her symptoms for several hours. This confrontation between Mesmer's secular ideas and Gassner's religious beliefs marked the end of Gassner's career as well as, according to Henri Ellenberger, the emergence of dynamic psychiatry. According to Mesmer, "there is an indisputable, mutual influence between the celestial bodies, the Earth and all the creatures on Earth". However, in Mesmer's day doctoral theses were not expected to be original. The term was used by the German physician Franz Anton Mesmer to explain the hypnotic procedure that he used in the treatment of patients. [14] Mesmer continued to practice in Frauenfeld, Switzerland, for a number of years and died in 1815 in Meersburg. Mesmer said that while Gassner was sincere in his beliefs, his cures resulted because he possessed a high degree of animal magnetism. We must also point out that this commission said that "it is always men who magnetize women", something which may make any feminist reading this hiss, although there is a simple explanation. Mexico's most extended terrifying legend, LOST SOULS: All about the blessed souls of Purgatory. He wrote a dissenting opinion that declared Mesmer's theory credible and worthy of further investigation.

With individuals he would sit in front of his patient with his knees touching the patient's knees, pressing the patient's thumbs in his hands, looking fixedly into the patient's eyes. https://www.britannica.com/science/animal-magnetism. In fact, when hypnosis was developed, many practices from mesmerism were absorbed. ", "Mesmer" redirects here. In 1766 he published a doctoral dissertation with the Latin title De planetarum influxu in corpus humanum (On the Influence of the Planets on the Human Body), which discussed the influence of the moon and the planets on the human body and on disease.

Mesmer claimed that his technique was able to cure illnesses and believed he had discovered something verging on the realm of paranormality. Maybe this was one of the reasons why Mesmer’s animal magnetism met no controversy at that time.

Some contemporary scholars equate Mesmer's animal magnetism with the Qi (chi) of Traditional Chinese Medicine and mesmerism with medical Qigong practices.[10][11]. Mesmerism: What is Animal Magnetism? Mesmer was highly influenced by the work of Isaac Newton and the theory of gravity. In February 1778 Mesmer moved to Paris, rented an apartment in a part of the city preferred by the wealthy and powerful, and established a medical practice. He felt that he had contributed animal magnetism, which had accumulated in his work, to her. [3] After studying at the Jesuit universities of Dillingen and Ingolstadt, he took up the study of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1759. Although the German doctor claimed he had cured all types of ailments by "magnetizing" his patients, and had become somewhat of an international celebrity, he encountered many detractors which criticised his movement. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. (In modern times New Age spiritualists have revived a similar idea. He theorised the existence of a natural energy transference occurring between all animated and inanimate objects; this he called "animal magnetism", sometimes later referred to as mesmerism. But one of the commissioners, the botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu took exception to the official reports. Mesmer believed that it was an occult force or invisible fluid emanating from his body and that, more generally, the force permeated the universe, deriving especially from the stars. In August 1784 Mesmer visited a Mesmeric society in Lyon.

Bailly, J-S., "Secret Report on Mesmerism or Animal Magnetism". And Who is Franz Mesmer? Mesmer was driven into exile soon after the investigations on animal magnetism although his influential student, Armand-Marie-Jacques de Chastenet, Marquis de Puségur (1751-1825), continued to have many followers until his death. When he sold his house in Vienna in 1801 he was in Paris.

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