Members of the royal family and those with important roles had apartments overlooking the gardens, while courtiers of lesser importance were accommodated on the city-side or in the Palace outbuildings, such as the Grand Commun or the Stables. Meticulous rules established the order of precedence and laid down who could approach the most important figures of the Court, as well as where and when.

Palacefrom 9:00 am to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, Estate of Trianonfrom 12:00 pm to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, Coach Galleryfrom 12:30 pm to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, + 33 1 30 83 78 00price of a call to France, Musical Fountains Shows and Musical Gardens, Louis XIV’s guide to the gardens of Versailles, New Year’s gifts at Versailles during the Ancien Régime, Research centre of the Palace of Versailles. The palace of Versailles was King Louis XIV’s pet project. Over the years, the public getting-up and going-to-bed ceremonies became rarer, and the courtiers complained that they never saw the king, in contrast to the time of Louis XIV. Indeed, Louis XIV required courtiers to wear certain clothes for specific days or occasions. We read Madame de Sevigne's account of a 1671 … His successors - Louis XV followed by Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette - continued to lord over the palace until the French Revolution dramatically ended the royal world in the late 1700s. Courtiers with a role were said to be “established” in the Court. Rules also governed the titles to be used to address other persons and even the right to sit down or use an armchair, chair or stool... Members of the royal family and those with important roles had apartments overlooking the gardens, while courtiers of lesser importance were accommodated on the city-side or in the Palace outbuildings, such as the Grand Commun or the Stables. 10 am: a procession formed in the Hall of Mirrors at the exit of the King’s Apartments, and the king crossed the State Apartments followed by his courtiers. Everyone who lived there had to participate in an elaborate system of weird etiquette rules aimed at establishing the king as an all-powerful monarch and his courtiers as obliging servants. This made Versailles smell terrible, and courtiers resorted to dousing themselves with perfume. Palacefrom 9:00 am to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, Estate of Trianonfrom 12:00 pm to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, Coach Galleryfrom 12:30 pm to 5:30 pmclosed on Mondays, + 33 1 30 83 78 00price of a call to France, Musical Fountains Shows and Musical Gardens, Louis XIV’s guide to the gardens of Versailles, New Year’s gifts at Versailles during the Ancien Régime, Research centre of the Palace of Versailles. The king’s approval was essential for the most important, such as for the Secretaries of State, but for a simple Valet de Chambre-Barber, the approval of the Grand Chamberlain was sufficient.

Louis XIV also tied fashion to French identity by supporting French textile industries.

Five or six ministers worked with the monarch, who spoke little, listened closely, and always made the final decision. If the past is a "different country," then life at court in seventeenth-century France is among the most different from the America our students grew up in. Take part in the history of the palace of Versailles by supporting a project that suits you: adopt a linden tree, contribute to the missions of the Palace or participate in the refurnishing of the royal apartments. It can be used without an Internet connection. Plumbing wasn’t really a thing at Versailles. From morning to evening his day ran like clockwork, to a schedule that was just as strictly Before it was the center of French court and state life, Versailles was a simple - albeit regal - hunting lodge outside of Paris. The lack of places to relieve full bladders or bowels meant people did their business anywhere and everywhere - including palace hallways.

Then the Officers of the Chamber and of the Clothes Storehouse entered for the grand getting-up ceremony, during which the king was dressed and drank soup for breakfast. At dinner, for example, gentlemen had to wear their hats at the table. The Palace of Versailles allowed a large Court to live close to the King. Body language and manners of speech were also ruled by strict codes that varied subtly depending on the circumstances. They're made of blood and bones like the rest of us, but they're told they can do whatever they damn well please. The number of spectators, all male, was probably around 100. Louis XIV, the Palace of Versailles, absolute monarchy… Why don’t we take a closer look at the emergence of the nation state in early modern France?

According to one courtier, nobles should “be absent as little as possible at the king’s lever” as well as at his bedtime ritual to better assert their presence at court. He bestowed his mark of royal favor by inviting specific high-ranking courtiers and members of the royal family to perform certain tasks, like brushing his hair or holding a candle. Life at Versailles wasn’t always easy for nobles. If you’ve ever daydreamed about how wonderful it would be to live at Versailles, let me let you in on a little secret: It was a lot tougher than you might think. He then retired to his cabinet to converse more freely with his family and a few close friends. Versailles, its elaborate rituals, and its community of courtiers outlived Louis XIV. As a young man, Louis transformed the site into a palace fit for a Sun King and moved his court and government offices there in 1682.

The tight dresses and elaborate silks that nobles had to wear at Versailles were uncomfortable. On these days the king could also decide to examine the progress of works projects. Revise your French history with help from the artworks of the Palace of Versailles!

Ambassador Kosa Pan and Siamese envoys pay their respect to Louis XIV at his court in Versailles. Everyday life was a performance at Versailles, involving innumerable complex bits of etiquette, acting nice to important people you might hate, and dressing the part.

The king’s day was timed to the minute to allow the officers in his service to plan their own work accordingly. The Palace of Versailles allowed a large Court to live close to the King. “The whole of France gathered around the King”. As a young man, Louis transformed the site into a palace fit for a Sun King and moved his court and government offices there in 1682. A constantly hovering presence was rewarded with financial allowances, gifts, accommodation in the Palace of Versailles, and regular invitations to celebrations and ceremonies. This public ritual, when the king retired to his bedchamber, was the exact reverse of the getting-up ceremony. 6 pm or 7 pm: Louis XIV often left his son in charge of indoor entertainment, such as Evening Gatherings. 11 am: upon returning to his apartment, the king held council  in his chamber. 2 pm: the king gave his orders and announced his plans in the morning. During guided tours, a speaker from the Palace invites you into lesser known locations otherwise closed to the visitors.

He was so committed to supporting French craftsmen that he once burned his son’s clothes because they weren’t made of French cloth. Depending on the day, there were between 3,000 and 10,000 people here, forming a highly variegated society governed nonetheless by a strict hierarchy that applied to all.

The king sat down in the tribune in the Royal Chapel for mass, which lasted half an hour. Kings & queens, princes & princesses. So it must have been very meta when courtiers found themselves required to perform roles onstage as well. On Mondays (every two weeks), Wednesdays, Thursdays and Sundays, the State Council, or “High Council”, was held.

In the meantime the king would sign the numerous letters prepared by his secretary, then go to the apartments of Mme de Maintenon, where he studied important paperwork with one of his four Secretaries of State. Tasks were highly regimented, and no two individuals could perform the same job.

Though the king had his own bathroom, the vast majority of nobles didn’t and had to rely on chamber pots. To earn the king’s favour it was necessary to spend time in the royal residences and stick to etiquette. Last but not least, the Dispatch Council (which dealt with national affairs) met once a fortnight on Mondays when there was no State Council meeting. The kings of France were constantly surrounded by a large number of courtiers, most of whom were part of the nobility. But despite the regal setting, everyday life for courtiers at Versailles was often stressful, regimented, and surprisingly unsanitary. Individual talents or virtues, such as beauty or intellect, rivalled with stunning finery as a means of attracting the monarch’s attention. In principle this meal was taken in private, but Louis XIV had the habit of admitting all the men of the Court, generally those present at the getting-up ceremony.

After a visit from the First Doctor and First Surgeon, the first getting-up ceremony began. Take part in the history of the palace of Versailles by supporting a project that suits you: adopt a linden tree, contribute to the missions of the Palace or participate in the refurnishing of the royal apartments. Courtiers at Versailles had to dress the part. The app includes the audioguide tour of the Palace and an interactive map of the Estate. The Sun King got very old for his time, almost 77 years, but was plagued by diseases (kidney stones and gout).

It can be used without an Internet connection. When pulling a molar a large part of the upper jaw came with it, and they feared for his life after this operation. Some were there by right of birth, others by social obligation, others through interest or curiosity, and others simply to earn a living.

10 pm: the crowd would hurry into the King’s Antechamber to attend the dinner at the Royal Table.

Once the meal was over, the monarch crossed the room and entered the salon to greet the ladies of the court. Life in Versailles Palace must have been difficult for all inhabitants. The goal is to help them identify some of these differences.

Before it was the center of French court and state life, Versailles was a simple - albeit regal - hunting lodge outside of Paris.

The high-ranking nobles were constantly present, alert to every opportunity to solicit the favour of the master of Versailles. Medicine at the time was a leading cause of death.

The famous memorialist the Duke of Saint-Simon wrote of Louis XIV: “With an almanach and a watch, one could, from 300 leagues away, say with accuracy what he was doing”. On Tuesdays and Saturdays it was the Financial Council, while Fridays were taken up with the Council of Conscience (religious affairs).

Louis XIV, the Palace of Versailles, absolute monarchy… Why don’t we take a closer look at the emergence of the nation state in early modern France? At this point the crowd that had gathered along the way could finally see the king. Thus as service came to be seen as a way of being useful to the kingdom and pleasing to the sovereign, this very perception helped the sovereign maintain control over the nobility, therefore strengthening the authority of the crown. The king sat down to dinner with the members of the royal family. If he decided to go hunting, the favourite sport of the Bourbons, the monarch would go to the park if he chose to hunt with weapons, and to the surrounding forest when hunting on horseback. French royals, nobles, and state officials lived together in the sprawling palace complex. From morning to evening his day ran like clockwork, to a schedule that was just as strictly ordered as life in the Court. Appointed individuals did the process in reverse at the coucher, or going-to-bed ceremony. During its heyday from 1682 to 1789, Versailles wasn’t just a palace - it was the center of France’s royal world.

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