Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection. d.)negative symptoms. a. b. )illustrate neural plasticity. b. a. a. MRI. d.)vary widely across cultures. )sexual conflicts during the adolescent years Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because: d. parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior, Those who inappropriately attribute children's troubling personality traits to inadequate parental nurture should be reminded of the importance of, Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. Dec. 31. a. b. Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical perspective that can explain why humans think in the ways we do, how we respond, and how we change and develop. a.)serotonin. e. a.)individualism. Once people have agreed to a small request, they have a tendency to comply with a larger request. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. )people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help. A. a. )the placebo effect. Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. ______________ is a statistical procedure that can be used to identify clusters of behaviors that are related to a trait. B) epigenetics. )biopsychosocial A) naturalistic observation . d.)projective, According to Freud, this part of the personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. c.)evolutionary psychologist. b. Margaret Washburn Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior? Why is Naima's hand washing considered part of a psychological disorder, while Rana's is not? Research suggests that an especially effective treatment for her difficulty would involve: c.)overly permissive child-rearing practices. d.)electrical activity. a. d.)All of these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. What is the probability that AAA occurs? )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. c.)schizophrenia. d.)only include males in his study. b. c.)dissociative disorder. Sold the Distribution Transformers bonds for $425,000. b. a. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called )an eclectic approach. )unconditional positive regard. a. The two sisters are most strikingly different in, Exceptionally timid and cautious infants tend to become shy and unassertive adolescents. )Employed women have an hour more time to devote to taking care of the children. Purchased$1,400,000 of M&D Corporation 6% bonds at face value. Self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need. This best illustrates: Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? The main focus in evolutionary psychology is reproduction of future generations. However, monogamous relationships can also be explained using an evolutionary perspective. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. b. b. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted a. reproductive success. d.)vary widely across cultures. Updated January 19, 2023 by BetterHelp Editorial Team. b. Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. b. Nellie is a 30-year-old who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. a. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. C 5. Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? c. Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): )systematic desensitization. HSE. b. b. )negative symptoms. )posttraumatic stress disorder. a. a. d.)light exposure therapy. d.)the ego, _____________ is to the history of psychology as _____________ is to the history of rock music. )gives rise to two personality types, the introvert and the extravert. d.)major depressive disorder. d. d.)agoraphobia. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: These problems indicate that Jonah has: c.)linkage analysis. )developmental psychology A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. b. The anterior cingulate cortex is especially likely to be hyperactive in those with: c.)delusional thinking. c.)GABA. )representing the consensus of a wide range of mental health professionals from many different organizations and perspectives. This best illustrates the potentially harmful influence of, A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's, Research on brain development suggests that repeated learning experiences seem to, a. strengthen neural connections at the location that processes the experiences, Jason was born with cataracts in both eyes. \end{array} Trait theorists have been criticized for d.)those not undergoing therapy often improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve, and to improve more quickly and with less risk of relapse. )flat affect. d.)schemas. )4 weeks a. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods: d.)Behavioral analysis. c.)latent a. a.)deindividuation. Mark is likely to be diagnosed with a type of ______ disorder. d.)extraversion. twenties. a. b. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in ______________ personality disorder. b. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. )12 a. Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. b. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: c. d.)empathy. Cognitive perspective studies our mental processes. b. No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. )the reality principle; the pleasure principle, According to Freud, the ego is guided by the _____, whereas the id is guided by the _____. b. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). b. c.)generalized anxiety disorder. )A young woman marries a successful middle-aged man. Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. b. a. a. The market prices of the investments are, AmericanInstrumentsbonds$850,000M&DCorporationbonds$1,460,000(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued. If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. a. )Freud; Billie Joe Armstrong Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. )Karen Horney; John Lennon c.)1 in 10 Evolutionary psychology works backward to propose an explanation; thus, any behavior can be explained Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity in ensuring the survival of their genetic material. c) biological psychologist. d.)53, c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. d.)bipolar disorder. a. d. This variation in an inherited trait is due to: Question 2. b. ", Personality inventories are to _______________ as projective tests are to _______________. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. )becoming so absorbed in reading a book that we don't hear the telephone ring b. d.)systematic desensitization. d.)mania. b. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . With 1,014 Chinese singles, we found that singles preferred their ideal partner to share similarities in the HEXACO traits . d.)the attitudes-follow-behavior principle, Following the introduction of school desegregation in the United States and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, White Americans expressed ___________ racial prejudice. Consciousness is Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. His best strategy would be to ask the students to: A) conduct their own experiments. d.)empathy. Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. Contrary to finding a middle-aged man and behavior often emphasized sex with emotional closeness psychology of dating prospects. Identifying the specific genes that contribute to alcoholism would be of most direct interest to: The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. The tendency to exaggerate the impact of child-raising practices on children's personalities has been most characteristic of: Research suggests that the chances are __________ that Billy will also suffer from bipolar disorder at some point in his life. Incorrect natural selection. a. )major depressive disorder. Psychologists can measure sensation more accurately. )persistent depressive disorder. a. )linkage analysis. b. )cognitive dissonance theory. )external attributions for failure. d.)the mere exposure effect. )disordered thinking. The evolutionary perspective suggests that this tendency to dwell on the negative more than the positive is simply one way the brain tries to keep us safe. b. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates: c.)resilience. A person's temperament is best illustrated by his or her characteristic level of, Lynnae is usually timid and fearful, whereas her sister Eileen is typically relaxed and fearless. b. d.)clients never speak kindly about their therapists. All animals have thoughts and feelings that guide their behavior. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . X-ray. a. )patient unconsciously responding to the therapist as though the therapist were a significant person in the patient's life. )persistent depressive disorder. Which of the following is NOT a reason for Gwen to be in this situation? c.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. )DSM-5 diagnosis. d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. a. religious beliefs. the study of how the environment triggers genetic expression. )gender-typing bias. )stimulus generalization. The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. Monogamy (/ m n m i / m-NOG--mee) is a form of dyadic relationship in which an individual has only one partner during their lifetime. c.)the foot-in-the-door phenomenon b. )63 Frank was seen laughing inappropriately in the library and he appeared to be responding to internal stimuli. )Psychosurgery political ideas. )mirror-image perceptions. e. d.)nicotine can temporarily decrease norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. C) develop their own theories. answer choices. a. c.)delusional thinking. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as A. molecular genetics. a. d.)social facilitation. )exposure therapy. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. B. sexual anatomy. d.)social-cognitive perspective. )People in the psychotherapy group actually improve at a slower rate than the people in the untreated group. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder c.)harmony. b. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. b. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for )sexual dysfunctions. a. His absence of appropriate behavior is known as: b. d) behavior geneticist. Because he believes that "real men have no fears," 8-year-old George has difficulty accepting the fact that his father is fearful of losing his job. On the bus home, he was crying uncontrollably and suddenly became angered when a fellow passenger offered him a tissue. The personal strength that enables people to cope with stress and recover from adversity is called: Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). )tripled rate of teen suicide. humanistic psychologists a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential. Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. b. Immediately you yell out "Crazy driver!" It is very likely that Odessa is suffering from: a. d.)social facilitation. thalamus c.)Psychotherapy c.)moral instinct )Larry effectively cope with dissociative identity disorder. Dr. Miller is most likely a(n): overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. d.)conditioning. b. AACB10.090.03B20.220.10B30.150.09B40.200.12. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. amygdala Which region of the brain will a fMRI show as active when a person is looking at a photo? cerebellum. The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. d.)an impaired theory of mind. Groupthink is fueled by a desire for: c.)transgender. As such, evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that certain behaviors and traits are more likely to be present in individuals because they have been selected for over time due to their adaptive value in the environment in which they evolved. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that. She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. )behavior geneticist. )panic disorder. a. 6 Psychologists who take this perspective apply the basic principles of evolution (like natural selection) to psychological phenomena. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. The prenatal development of the external male sex organs is stimulated by: Prenatal testosterone secretions exert one of their earliest influences on: A genetically female child who receives excess testosterone during prenatal growth is subsequently likely to develop, d. more aggressive behavior patterns than most girls. The company buys debt securities, intending to profit from short-term differences in price and maintaining them in an active trading portfolio. )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, Which of the following patients with schizophrenia is more likely to respond to medication? Which country had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders? )the bystander effect. d. )evolutionary psychologists. )generalized anxiety disorder. Evolutionary psychologists are most directly concerned with the impact of ________ on behavior. )active listening. a. d.)traits. )aggressive instinct )unconscious b. Copyright Cengage Learning. e. d.)persistent depressive disorder. d.)major depressive disorder. )25 d. D) genome research. a. b. b. \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ d.)confirmation bias. )do not increase; do not increase A large-scale World Health Organization (2004) studybased on 90-minute interviews of 60,463 peopleestimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 20 countries. c.)are genetically predisposed. a. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. c. Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of. b. )standardization; validity DNA; genes )hindsight bias PET scan. Your judgment best illustrates: c.)schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. a. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. d.)interpersonal psychotherapy. Cultural Consideration This is caused by: b. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A) skin color. d.)A young man marries a wealthy middle-aged widow. )Employed women have an hour more time to devote to taking care of the children. a. )molecular genetics The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. Alex Murdaugh, sentenced to life in prison after conviction in double murder trial, during his sentencing at the Colleton County Courthouse in Walterboro, S.C . norms. a. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. )generalized anxiety disorder. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human: genetic mutations. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that: d.)hindsight bias. e. Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human reproductive success. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). c.)psychoanalysis. d.)psychoanalysis. d.)confirmation bias. C) people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. )subjective scoring; objective scoring Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. d)bisexual. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. c.)Jose, who has a catatonia b. )stress c.)group polarization. b. )the bystander effect. )observational learning. Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that: c. a. a.)asexual. b. d.)long-term potentiation. \text{M\&D Corporation bonds}& \$1,460,000\\ Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. Question 1. e. Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from:

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